Lumps And Stone

• Application
• Cement Industry, Iron Ore Extraction, Road Construction, Building Stone

• Chemical Composition
• Hydrous aluminum and iron oxide minerals

• Color
• Reddish Brown

• Density
• 2.2 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

• Dimensional Stability
• Other, Stable under normal conditions

• Form
• Natural Lumps

• Hardness (%)
• 45 - 60 (on Mohs scale: 2 to 4)

• Melting Point
• Varies (typically 1200C to 1350C)

• Porosity
• Highly Porous

• Purity(%)
• Approximately 85% (combined major oxides)

• Shape
• Other, Lump

• Specific Gravity
• 2.2 - 2.6

• Strength
• Medium compressive strength

• Surface Finish
• Rough, Natural

• Thermal Conductivity
• Low

• Types of Refractories
• Other, Acidic Refractory (when used)

• Usage & Applications
• Iron & Cement Manufacturing, Soil Conditioning, Road Construction, Water Filtration

• Water Absorption
• High

• Application
• Construction, road base, cement manufacturing, steel industry, water treatment, agricultural soil amendment

• Chemical Composition
• CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate) dominant

• Color
• Light brown/tan

• Density
• 2.7 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

• Dimensional Stability
• Other, High up to decomposition temperature

• Form
• Block/stone/rock

• Hardness (%)
• Mohs hardness: 3-4

• Melting Point
• 825C (Decomposes)

• Porosity
• 5-30% (varies based on grade)

• Purity(%)
• Typically 95-99% CaCO3

• Shape
• Other, Irregular natural stone

• Specific Gravity
• 2.3 - 2.7

• Strength
• Compressive strength: 30-250 MPa (depends on purity and texture)

• Surface Finish
• Natural, rough

• Thermal Conductivity
• ~1.3 - 3.0 W/mK

• Types of Refractories
• Other, Acidic refractory (not widely used as a refractory material due to decomposition at high temp.)

• Usage & Applications
• Construction, lime production, soil conditioner, aggregate for concrete, filler in products

• Water Absorption
• 1-10% (varies based on grade and porosity)

• Application
• Used in aluminum production, refractory materials, abrasives, cement, chemicals, and metallurgy

• Chemical Composition
• Al2O3 (Aluminum Oxide): 40-60%, Fe2O3 (Iron Oxide): 10-30%, SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide): 1-10%

• Color
• Reddish-brown to brown

• Density
• 3.5 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

• Dimensional Stability
• Other

• Form
• Lump

• Hardness (%)
• 6 - 7 (Mohs scale)

• Melting Point
• Approximately 1200C to 1700C

• Porosity
• Moderate

• Purity(%)
• 35% to 60% Al2O3 (varies with grade)

• Shape
• Other

• Specific Gravity
• 2.3 - 2.7

• Strength
• High crushing strength

• Surface Finish
• Rough

• Thermal Conductivity
• Low to moderate Calorie (IT)/second/centimeter/C

• Types of Refractories
• Other

• Usage & Applications
• Production of alumina, aluminum, refractory bricks, abrasives, and as cement raw material

• Water Absorption
• Low

• Application
• Glass making, ceramics, foundry, water filtration, construction, semiconductors

• Chemical Composition
• SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide): 99% min, trace impurities

• Color
• White to off-white

• Density
• 2.65 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

• Dimensional Stability
• Other, Excellent under high temperatures

• Form
• Solid/Lumps

• Hardness (%)
• 7 (Mohs scale)

• Melting Point
• 1710C

• Porosity
• Low

• Purity(%)
• 99% and above

• Shape
• Other, Lumps

• Specific Gravity
• 2.65 g/cm3

• Strength
• High compressive strength

• Surface Finish
• Rough/Natural

• Thermal Conductivity
• Low, approx. 6.5 W/mK

• Types of Refractories
• Other, Siliceous refractory

• Usage & Applications
• Industrial raw material, glass industry, foundry, ceramics, construction aggregates

• Water Absorption
• < 0.2%

• Application
• Construction, road base, railroad ballast, landscaping, drainage solutions, concrete production

• Chemical Composition
• Limestone, granite, trap rock, dolomite, quartzite (varies based on source)

• Color
• Gray

• Density
• 000 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

• Dimensional Stability
• Other, Excellent dimensional stability

• Form
• Granular, aggregate

• Hardness (%)
• 6 - 7 Mohs (approx. 80-90%)

• Melting Point
• Varies (typically above 1200C depending on composition)

• Porosity
• Variable, typically low

• Purity(%)
• Varies, typically 95% or higher for main constituent

• Shape
• Other, Angular, irregular

• Specific Gravity
• 2.6 - 2.9

• Strength
• High compressive strength, ranges from 100 - 300 MPa depending on rock origin

• Surface Finish
• Rough

• Thermal Conductivity
• Low to moderate

• Types of Refractories
• Other, Not classified as refractory material

• Usage & Applications
• Foundations, concrete aggregate, asphalt pavement, landscaping, drainage, railroad ballast

• Water Absorption
• 0.5% - 2% (varies with mineral type)

• Application
• Cement industry, Plaster manufacturing, Soil conditioner, Construction industry

• Chemical Composition
• CaSO42H2O

• Color
• White to off-white

• Density
• 2.3 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

• Dimensional Stability
• Other, Stable under normal conditions

• Form
• Solid/Lumps

• Hardness (%)
• 2 (Mohs)

• Melting Point
• 145C (Decomposition)

• Porosity
• Moderate

• Purity(%)
• Above 85%

• Shape
• Other, Lumpy/Chunky

• Specific Gravity
• 2.3 - 2.4

• Strength
• Medium

• Surface Finish
• Rough/Lumpy

• Thermal Conductivity
• Low

• Usage & Applications
• Used in cement, soil amendment, and plaster of paris production

• Water Absorption
• High

• Application
• Refractory, Abrasive, Cement, Chemical Industries

• Chemical Composition
• Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, TiO2

• Color
• Light Brown

• Density
• 3.1 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

• Dimensional Stability
• Other, Excellent at High Temperatures

• Form
• Fine Powder

• Hardness (%)
• 6.5 - 7 (Mohs)

• Melting Point
• 1780C - 1820C

• Porosity
• Low

• Purity(%)
• 53% (Alumina)

• Shape
• Other, Powdered

• Specific Gravity
• 3.0 - 3.5

• Strength
• High Compressive Strength

• Surface Finish
• Fine Powder

• Thermal Conductivity
• Low to Moderate

• Types of Refractories
• Other, Monolithic, Castable, Shaped

• Usage & Applications
• Used as raw material in manufacturing refractories, aluminum, abrasives, chemicals, cement, and foundry applications

• Water Absorption
• Low

• Application
• Metallurgical, Abrasives, Cement, Refractories, and Chemical Industries

• Chemical Composition
• Al2O3 (Aluminium Oxide), Fe2O3 (Iron Oxide), SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide), TiO2 (Titanium Dioxide)

• Color
• Reddish Brown to Creamy White

• Density
• 2.5 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

• Dimensional Stability
• Other, Excellent at high temperatures

• Form
• Lumps & Granules

• Hardness (%)
• Mohs hardness 1-3

• Melting Point
• 1600C to 1800C

• Porosity
• Moderate (depending on grade)

• Purity(%)
• 40% - 60% Al2O3 (Alumina)

• Shape
• Other, Granular/Angular

• Specific Gravity
• 2.6 to 3.6 g/cm3

• Strength
• High mechanical strength

• Surface Finish
• Rough granular

• Thermal Conductivity
• Low to moderate

• Types of Refractories
• Other, Acidic and Neutral Refractories

• Usage & Applications
• Raw material for alumina production, manufacture of refractory bricks, abrasives, and cement

• Water Absorption
• <5%